> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://financecontext.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# Client Review Prep
> Prepare for client review meetings with portfolio performance summary, allocation analysis, talking points, and action items
## What is Client Review Preparation?
Client review preparation is the process of assembling everything an advisor needs before sitting down with a client. This includes pulling portfolio performance data, comparing allocations to targets, reviewing prior meeting notes, identifying proactive recommendations, and building a structured agenda. The goal is to walk into every meeting fully prepared -- knowing the client's story, their portfolio's story, and what to recommend.
The best advisors treat client reviews as opportunities to deepen the relationship, not just recite numbers. They lead with what the client cares about, address concerns directly (especially when performance has been poor), and always leave with clear action items and next steps.
## Why It Matters
Client retention in wealth management is directly tied to the quality of the advisory relationship, and review meetings are the primary touchpoint. Studies show that clients who receive proactive, well-prepared reviews are significantly more likely to consolidate assets, provide referrals, and stay through market downturns. Conversely, clients who feel their advisor is unprepared or reactive are the first to leave.
The review meeting is also the primary vehicle for deepening the relationship and identifying additional planning opportunities. A client who comes in for a portfolio review may mention a pending home purchase, an inheritance, a child's wedding, or a health concern -- each of which has financial planning implications. Advisors who listen actively and follow up on these life events capture more wallet share and provide more comprehensive service.
## Key Concepts
| Term | Definition |
| ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **IPS** (Investment Policy Statement) | The written agreement defining target allocation, risk tolerance, constraints, and benchmarks |
| **Performance Attribution** | Breaking down returns into which asset classes, sectors, or individual positions drove performance |
| **Drift** | The difference between current and target allocation percentages, caused by differential asset class returns |
| **Rebalancing Band** | The maximum acceptable drift before trades are triggered (typically 3-5%) |
| **Alpha** | Portfolio return minus benchmark return -- the value added (or lost) by active management |
| **QTD / YTD / ITD** | Quarter-to-Date, Year-to-Date, Inception-to-Date -- standard performance measurement periods |
| **Discovery Questions** | Open-ended questions designed to surface life changes, new goals, or evolving needs |
## How It Works
Look up: client name and household members, account types (taxable, IRA, Roth, 401k, trust), total AUM, IPS (target allocation, risk tolerance, constraints), life stage (accumulation, pre-retirement, retirement, legacy), last meeting date and outstanding action items.
For each account and the household aggregate: calculate portfolio return vs. benchmark for QTD, YTD, 1-Year, 3-Year, and Since Inception. Identify top 3 contributors and top 3 detractors. Flag any outsized single-position impact.
Compare current vs. target allocation by asset class. Flag any drift exceeding the IPS rebalancing threshold. Present as a table with target %, current %, drift, and recommended action.
Generate a meeting agenda: market overview (2-3 min), portfolio performance (5 min), allocation review (5 min), planning updates (5-10 min covering life changes, income needs, tax situation, estate planning), and action items (5 min).
Based on the review, suggest: rebalancing trades, tax-loss harvesting opportunities, cash deployment or withdrawal planning, Roth conversion opportunities, beneficiary updates, and insurance review.
## Worked Example: Quarterly Review Prep for the Williams Family
### Client Context
* **Clients:** David Williams (age 52, VP of Engineering at tech company) and Sarah Williams (age 49, part-time consultant)
* **Household AUM:** \$1,850,000
* **Accounts:** Joint Taxable ($680,000), David 401(k) ($520,000), David Roth IRA ($210,000), Sarah SEP-IRA ($290,000), 529 Plan for son (\$150,000)
* **IPS:** Growth allocation -- 70% equity / 25% fixed income / 5% alternatives
* **Risk Tolerance:** Moderate-Aggressive
* **Life Stage:** Late accumulation (retirement target: age 60 for David)
* **Last Meeting:** April 15, 2025
* **Outstanding Action Items from Last Meeting:**
1. David to provide RSU vesting schedule for tax planning -- **Not yet received**
2. Sarah to decide on increasing SEP-IRA contributions -- **Completed: increased to \$15K/quarter**
3. Review beneficiary designations -- **Completed: updated David's 401(k) contingent beneficiary to trust**
### Performance Summary
| Period | Portfolio | Benchmark (70/30) | Alpha | Commentary |
| ----------- | --------- | ----------------- | ----- | ----------------------------------------- |
| QTD | +2.8% | +2.4% | +0.4% | Outperformed, tech overweight contributed |
| YTD | +14.2% | +13.1% | +1.1% | Strong year, consistent alpha |
| 1-Year | +19.8% | +18.3% | +1.5% | Best rolling 12-month alpha in 3 years |
| 3-Year Ann. | +8.9% | +8.2% | +0.7% | Cumulative outperformance building |
**Top 3 Contributors:** Nvidia (NVDA) in David's 401(k), S\&P 500 Index (IVV) across accounts, Vanguard Growth (VUG) in Joint Taxable
**Top 3 Detractors:** Emerging Markets (EEM) in Joint Taxable, Small Cap Value (IJS) in Sarah's SEP, REITs (VNQ) in David's Roth
### Allocation Review
| Asset Class | Target | Current | Drift | Action |
| ----------------------- | ------- | --------- | --------- | ----------------------------------- |
| US Large Cap Growth | 30% | 33.4% | +3.4% | **Approaching rebalance threshold** |
| US Large Cap Value | 15% | 13.8% | -1.2% | Monitor |
| US Small/Mid Cap | 10% | 9.2% | -0.8% | No action |
| International Developed | 10% | 8.9% | -1.1% | Monitor |
| Emerging Markets | 5% | 4.1% | -0.9% | Monitor |
| **Total Equity** | **70%** | **69.4%** | **-0.6%** | -- |
| Investment Grade Bonds | 15% | 15.2% | +0.2% | On target |
| TIPS | 5% | 5.1% | +0.1% | On target |
| High Yield | 5% | 4.8% | -0.2% | No action |
| **Total Fixed Income** | **25%** | **25.1%** | **+0.1%** | -- |
| Alternatives (REITs) | 5% | 5.0% | 0.0% | On target |
| Cash | 0% | 0.5% | +0.5% | Deploy |
**Key Observation:** US Large Cap Growth has drifted to 33.4% (target 30%), approaching the 5% rebalancing band. This is driven by the strong performance of tech holdings (NVDA, AAPL, MSFT). Recommend trimming \$25-30K from VUG in the Joint Taxable and redirecting to International Developed (VXUS) to address both the overweight and the international underweight.
### Meeting Agenda (45 minutes)
| Time | Topic | Key Points |
| --------- | --------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 0-5 min | Personal check-in | How are the kids? Any updates on David's work (potential promotion mentioned last time)? Sarah's consulting -- how is the practice growing? |
| 5-10 min | Market overview | Strong markets YTD. Fed rate cuts supporting both stocks and bonds. AI theme continues to drive tech outperformance. |
| 10-18 min | Portfolio performance | +14.2% YTD, outperforming benchmark by 1.1%. Tech positions have been the primary driver. Emerging markets remain a drag but small allocation limits impact. |
| 18-25 min | Allocation and rebalancing | Growth overweight approaching threshold. Recommend trimming tech, adding international. Tax implications of the trim in the taxable account (check for gains vs. losses). |
| 25-35 min | Planning updates | **RSU tax planning** (need David's vesting schedule -- follow up again). **Retirement projection** update (on track at 91% probability for age 60 retirement). **529 status** (son starts college Fall 2027 -- review funding adequacy). **Year-end tax moves** (Roth conversion opportunity, TLH candidates). |
| 35-42 min | Proactive recommendations | 1) Roth conversion of $30-50K from David's 401(k) this year (tax bracket favorable). 2) Increase 529 contributions by $500/month. 3) Review umbrella liability policy (David's comp and assets warrant \$2M umbrella). |
| 42-45 min | Action items and next steps | Summarize 4-5 action items with owners and deadlines. Schedule next review. |
### Proactive Recommendations
1. \*\*Roth Conversion ($30-50K):** David's marginal rate is currently 24% (MFJ income ~$350K). If he can convert $30-50K from his 401(k) to his Roth IRA before year-end, he locks in the 24% rate. With the current estate tax exemption scheduled to sunset in 2026, getting more assets into a Roth (tax-free growth, no RMDs) is advantageous. Estimated tax cost: $7,200-\$12,000. Break-even: \~8 years of tax-free growth.
2. **Tax-Loss Harvesting:** The EEM position in Joint Taxable is down $4,800 from cost basis. Recommend selling EEM and replacing with VWO to harvest the loss while maintaining emerging market exposure. The $4,800 loss can offset gains from the planned VUG trim.
3. **529 Funding Gap:** Current balance ($150K) at 6% projected growth reaches ~$185K by Fall 2027. Estimated 4-year public university cost: $120K. Estimated 4-year private university cost: $280K. If targeting private, a funding gap of \~$95K exists. Recommend discussing college expectations and potentially increasing monthly contributions from $1,000 to \$1,500.
4. **Umbrella Insurance:** With $1.85M in investable assets, David's tech salary (~$300K), and a teenage son who will soon be driving, an umbrella liability policy ($2M coverage, ~$300-400/year) is prudent risk management.
5. **Beneficiary Review:** Completed last quarter for David's 401(k). Still need to confirm beneficiary designations on Sarah's SEP-IRA and the Joint Taxable TOD (Transfer on Death) registration.
### Outstanding Action Items
| # | Action | Owner | Deadline |
| - | ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------- | ------------ |
| 1 | Provide RSU vesting schedule for tax analysis | David | Oct 31 |
| 2 | Decision on Roth conversion amount (\$30-50K) | David & Sarah | Nov 15 |
| 3 | Execute TLH swap (EEM to VWO) and VUG trim | Advisor | Post-meeting |
| 4 | Discuss 529 target (public vs. private university) | David & Sarah | Oct meeting |
| 5 | Get umbrella insurance quote | Advisor | Nov 1 |
| 6 | Confirm beneficiary designations on SEP-IRA and Joint | Sarah | Nov 15 |
## Daily Workflow for Client Review Prep
**1 Week Before Meeting:** Pull all data (performance, positions, allocations). Review prior meeting notes. Check for outstanding action items. Identify any life changes noted in CRM (birthday, anniversary, work change).
**2-3 Days Before:** Build the prep document. Draft talking points. Identify proactive recommendations. Prepare printed materials (performance summary, allocation chart).
**Day Before:** 10-minute self-review. Know the client's name, family details, and financial situation cold. Rehearse the opening (personal check-in) and the key recommendation you want to make.
**Day of Meeting:** Arrive 5 minutes early. Set up materials. Begin with the personal check-in -- do not jump straight to numbers.
**Within 24 Hours After:** Email meeting summary with action items. Update CRM with meeting notes. Schedule follow-ups for any time-sensitive items. Start prep for any referenced tasks (Roth conversion analysis, insurance quote).
## Practice Exercise
Prepare a review meeting for the following client:
**Client:** Patricia Hoffman, age 68, retired schoolteacher
**AUM:** $780,000 **Accounts:** Rollover IRA ($520,000), Roth IRA ($180,000), Savings Account ($80,000)
**IPS:** 40% Equity / 50% Fixed Income / 10% Cash
**Income:** Social Security ($2,400/month), Teacher's pension ($1,800/month), Portfolio withdrawals ($1,500/month = $18,000/year)
**Risk Tolerance:** Conservative
**Health:** Recently diagnosed with early-stage arthritis (mentioned at last meeting)
**Concerns:** Making money last, healthcare costs, leaving something for grandchildren
**Tasks:**
1. Build the allocation review table with appropriate asset classes for a conservative retiree.
2. Calculate her withdrawal rate (annual withdrawal / portfolio value) and assess sustainability.
3. Draft a meeting agenda tailored to a retired client's concerns (30-minute meeting).
4. Identify 3 proactive recommendations specific to her situation (consider RMDs -- she turns 73 next year, long-term care insurance, and gifting to grandchildren).
5. Write the opening 2 minutes of the meeting -- how would you start the conversation given her health concern?
## Common Mistakes
Know your client before the meeting -- review notes from last meeting. Lead with what the client cares about, not what you want to talk about.
1. **Starting with performance instead of the client.** Always begin with a personal check-in. Ask about their family, health, work, and life. This builds rapport and may surface planning-relevant information.
2. **Not reviewing prior meeting notes.** If you recommended a Roth conversion at the last meeting and the client did it, acknowledge that. If they did not, gently follow up. Clients notice when you remember (or forget) what was discussed.
3. **Hiding behind good numbers.** Even when performance is strong, the meeting should not be just a victory lap. Use positive momentum to advance planning conversations: "Since the portfolio is ahead of plan, this might be a good year for a Roth conversion."
4. **Not addressing poor performance.** When the portfolio is down, name it directly: "We had a challenging quarter. Your portfolio declined 3.2%, which is 0.5% better than the benchmark but still a decline. Here is what happened and why I believe our positioning is correct for the long term." Clients respect honesty.
5. **Talking too much.** The best review meetings are 60% client talking, 40% advisor talking. Ask questions and listen. The client's answers reveal planning needs you would never discover by presenting.
6. **Not having proactive recommendations.** If you only report on performance and allocation, you are a reporting service, not an advisor. Every meeting should include at least 2 proactive recommendations that demonstrate forward-looking value.
7. **Leaving without clear action items.** Every meeting should end with a written list of 3-5 action items, each with an owner (client or advisor) and a deadline. Email this summary within 24 hours.
8. **Not asking about life changes.** "Has anything changed since we last met?" is the most important question in the review. Job changes, health events, family changes, and major purchases all have financial planning implications.
9. **Over-preparing with slides and charts.** Some clients want a 15-page report; others want a 5-minute conversation. Match the preparation to the client's preferences. A retired teacher may prefer a simple conversation over a detailed presentation.
10. **Not scheduling the next meeting before leaving.** End every review by scheduling the next one. If the client has to call to schedule, there is friction that reduces engagement. Book the next quarterly review before they walk out the door.
## How to Add to Your Local Context
```bash theme={null}
claude plugin install wealth-management@financial-services-plugins
```
Customize for your practice:
```markdown theme={null}
## Standard Meeting Agenda
1. Personal check-in (5 min)
2. Market overview (3 min)
3. Portfolio performance vs. benchmark (5 min)
4. Allocation and rebalancing (5 min)
5. Financial plan update (10 min)
6. Action items and next steps (5 min)
## Client Segments
- Retirees: Lead with income sustainability and spending analysis
- Accumulators: Lead with savings rate and goal progress
- Business Owners: Lead with business valuation and liquidity planning
## CRM Fields to Check Before Meeting
- Last meeting notes
- Outstanding action items
- Birthday/anniversary (within 30 days)
- Recent life events flagged
- Referral potential
```
Connect to your portfolio management system (Orion, Black Diamond, Tamarac) and CRM (Salesforce, Wealthbox, Redtail) for automatic data pulls.
## Best Practices
* If performance was bad, address it directly -- do not hide or spin
* Always end with clear action items and next steps with dates
* Document meeting notes and any changes to the IPS
* Compliance: ensure all materials are compliant with firm policies and regulatory requirements
* Lead with what the client cares about, not what you want to present
* Ask about life changes at every meeting -- this surfaces planning needs
* Have at least 2 proactive recommendations prepared for every review
* Schedule the next meeting before the client leaves
* Match the meeting format to the client's preferences -- some prefer charts, others prefer conversation
* Review beneficiary designations annually -- this is the most commonly neglected planning item